Nader Shah was born in 1688 in the region of
Khorasan and rose from a modest tribal background to become one of the most powerful military leaders in Iranian history. During a period of political instability following the decline of the
Safavid dynasty, he gained fame through his military skill and helped restore Iranian territories that had been lost to foreign powers. In 1736 he removed
Abbas III of Persia from power and declared himself king, founding the
Afsharid dynasty. Nader Shah led several major military campaigns, including his famous invasion of
India and the capture of
Delhi in 1739, which brought immense wealth to Iran. However, toward the end of his reign his rule became harsh and unstable, and he was assassinated in 1747, after which his empire quickly began to decline.
