

At the age of three, she moved with her family to Tehran, where she began her early education. She attended the French Jeanne d’Arc School, one of the few institutions in Iran at the time that provided girls with a European-style education. When she was only twelve, she was sent to Paris and later to Brussels, where she pursued advanced studies in dental and oral sciences. Her academic excellence earned her a doctoral degree in oral mucosal diseases, and she continued her training with a postgraduate course on tropical health—an unusual and challenging field for a woman at that time.