Advertising is part of the promotion mix—one of the 4P's of marketing. The promotion mix represents a wide range of communication methods that organizations use to promote their products and services. These include sales promotion, public relations, events and advertising. Of the items included in the promotion mix, advertising is the most effective at reaching a wide range of consumers, says Lin Grensing-Pophal, author of "Marketing With the End in Mind." Because of this, she says, it is generally is used to raise and maintain awareness for products and services.